ROI Calculator: Return on Investment & Net Profit

 

Calculate return on investment from the initial amount, additional costs, income received and final investment value. See net profit or loss and the total-period ROI. This simple measure does not account for when cash flows occur or annualize the result.

Initial investmentAdditional costsIncome receivedFinal investment value

Use one currency, a period for decimals and no thousands separators. Enter additional costs and income separately. Do not count an expense twice if your final value or income is already net of that expense. Enter zero where no extra cost or income applies.

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How to calculate ROI

Total investment cost = initial investment + additional costs. Final value plus income = final investment value + income received. Net profit or loss = final value plus income - total investment cost.

ROI (%) = net profit or loss / total investment cost x 100. The denominator includes the additional costs entered here. Use the same cost definition when comparing results from other calculators or reports.

Worked example with costs and income

Enter Initial investment 10000, Additional costs 500, Income received 300 and Final investment value 12000. Select Calculate ROI. Total investment cost is 10500.00, final value plus income is 12300.00 and net profit is 1800.00.

ROI is 1800 / 10500 x 100 = 17.142857%, rounded. If you omit costs, the percentage will describe a different cost basis. Enter known fees or expenses consistently to avoid overstating the return.

Profit, loss and break-even

A positive ROI means final value plus income exceeds the entered cost. Zero means they are equal. A negative ROI means a loss relative to that cost. For example, an initial investment of 1000, no extra costs or income and a final value of 800 gives a loss of 200 and ROI of -20%.

A final value of zero and no income gives -100% in this nonnegative-input model. The tool does not model short positions, borrowing liabilities, margin calls or investments whose obligations exceed the values entered.

Choose the right final value

For a sold investment, final value can be sale proceeds, with selling expenses entered separately under costs if not already deducted. For an unsold asset, final value is an estimate at the measurement date. The resulting return can include unrealized gains and is not necessarily cash received.

Income received can include distributions or other relevant cash receipts during the period. Keep those separate from final value unless the final figure already includes them. If income was reinvested and is included in the final holding value, do not also enter it as separate income.

ROI does not show timing or risk

A 20% return over one year and a 20% return over five years have the same simple ROI but different performance over time. This calculator does not compute annualized return, CAGR, IRR or money-weighted return. Additional contributions, withdrawals and irregular cash-flow timing may require a different method.

ROI also does not measure volatility, liquidity, inflation or the chance of loss. It does not predict future investment performance. Taxes and fees affect the result only through the amounts you include. For hypothetical growth with compounding, use the Compound Interest Calculator.

For a step-by-step walkthrough, read How to Calculate ROI: Investment Return, Costs and Net Profit.

Inputs and privacy

Initial investment must be greater than zero. Other amounts may be zero or positive. Each amount may be at most 1000000000, with up to two decimal places. Money is calculated using integer cents; inputs assume a currency with two decimal places. A small initial investment can produce a very large percentage, which does not by itself indicate a reliable or comparable opportunity.

Calculations run locally in your browser. This calculator does not save or transmit your entries. The hosting website may use separate analytics or advertising services.